Common solid lubricants include
2025-01-13
Solid powders or films used to reduce friction and wear on two relative motion surfaces. Common solid lubricants include graphite, molybdenum disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, boron nitride, and fluorinated graphite. Solid lubricants are mainly applied in demanding and harsh working conditions, such as heavy loads (heavy machinery and metal cold extrusion molds, etc.), high temperatures (steelmaking machinery, nuclear reactor supports, etc.), low speeds (machine tool guide rails, etc.), ultra-high vacuum (mechanics in spacecraft, etc.), ultra-low temperatures (liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen delivery pumps, etc.), strong radiation (nuclear reactors, etc.), strong corrosion (chemical equipment, etc.), contamination (thrust systems in spacecraft, textile machinery, and paper machinery, etc.), inconvenient access for personnel after installation (nuclear machinery and sealing components of aircraft, etc.), and environments that require very clean conditions (food, medical, and pharmaceutical machinery, etc.). The usage methods of solid lubricants generally include:
① Overall use, such as making gears, bearings, and cams from nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene plastic;
② Used in various coating film forms, such as bonding films, conversion films, plasma spray coatings, and sputtering films;
③ Used in the form of composite materials or combined materials, such as composite materials with metal as the matrix and metal-graphite composite materials with metal impregnated into graphite pores;
④ Directly using powdered solid lubricants, or adding powders such as graphite powder and molybdenum disulfide powder to oils and greases for use.
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